The human eye comes in a variety of colors, with brown being the most common, followed by blue and green. However, there are rare cases where humans have yellow eyes, but the cause of this coloration can differ. In this article, we will discuss the different reasons why a person may have yellow eyes and explore the science behind this unique eye color.
What causes yellow eyes in humans?
- Jaundice
One of the most common reasons why a person may have yellow eyes is jaundice. Jaundice is a medical condition that occurs when the liver is unable to process bilirubin properly. Bilirubin is a yellow pigment that is produced when red blood cells break down. In healthy individuals, the liver filters out bilirubin and excretes it through the urine and stool. However, when the liver is unable to process bilirubin, it accumulates in the bloodstream and causes yellowing of the skin and eyes.
- Albinism
Albinism is a genetic condition that affects the production of melanin, a pigment that gives color to the skin, hair, and eyes. People with albinism have little to no melanin, which results in very pale skin, hair, and eyes. While most people with albinism have blue or pinkish eyes, some can have yellow or green eyes due to the way light reflects off the iris.
- Fatty deposits
Fatty deposits around the eyes, also known as xanthelasma, can also cause the eyes to appear yellow. Xanthelasma is a common condition that occurs when cholesterol builds up under the skin. While xanthelasma is usually harmless, it can be a sign of high cholesterol levels, which can lead to heart disease and other health problems.
- Contact lenses
In some cases, wearing colored contact lenses can give the appearance of yellow eyes. This is because some contact lenses are designed to change the color of the iris, and yellow is one of the colors that is available.
- Medications
Certain medications, such as quinacrine, can cause yellowing of the skin and eyes. Quinacrine is an antimalarial drug that has been used to treat autoimmune diseases such as lupus and rheumatoid arthritis. While it is rare for this medication to cause yellowing of the eyes, it is possible in some cases.
Is it dangerous to have yellow eyes?
In most cases, yellowing of the eyes is not dangerous and is simply a cosmetic issue. However, in some cases, yellowing of the eyes can be a sign of a more serious underlying condition. For example, jaundice can be a sign of liver disease, which can be life-threatening if left untreated. Similarly, xanthelasma can be a sign of high cholesterol levels, which can increase the risk of heart disease and stroke.
If you notice that your eyes have turned yellow, it is important to see a doctor to determine the underlying cause. Your doctor may order blood tests or other diagnostic tests to determine the cause of the yellowing and recommend treatment options.
Conclusion
In conclusion, while it is rare for humans to have yellow eyes, it can occur due to a variety of reasons. Jaundice, albinism, fatty deposits, contact lenses, and medications are some of the common causes of yellow eyes. While yellowing of the eyes is usually a cosmetic issue, it can also be a sign of an underlying condition, such as liver disease or high cholesterol levels. If you notice that your eyes have turned yellow, it is important to see a doctor to determine the cause and receive appropriate treatment.
