Missouri is home to a diverse array of lizard species, each with unique characteristics and habitats. Whether you’re a casual nature lover, a student, or an aspiring herpetologist, understanding the different types of lizards you might encounter in Missouri can enhance your outdoor experiences. This guide covers the most common lizard species found across the state, highlighting their features, habitats, and why they’re worth knowing about.
Common Five-Lined Skink (Plestiodon fasciatus)
The Common Five-Lined Skink is one of Missouri’s most recognizable lizards, distinguished by its shiny black body with five bright yellow or white stripes running from head to tail. They measure around 8 to 12 inches long and are often seen basking on logs, rocks, or the ground in forested areas. These skinks are excellent burrowers and prefer moist, wooded environments, making them a favorite among those interested in observing secretive, ground-dwelling reptiles.
Broad-Headed Skink (Plestiodon laticeps)
The Broad-Headed Skink is notable for its large head and robust body, reaching up to 16 inches in length. Its coloration varies from brown to olive, with a distinctive yellow or orange patch behind the eye. Found mainly in deciduous forests and wooded areas, this skink is known for its impressive tail, which can regenerate if lost. Its size and striking appearance make it a captivating species for wildlife watchers.
Green Anole (Anolis carolinensis)
Though more common in southern Missouri, the Green Anole is a small, agile lizard that can change color from bright green to brown. Typically measuring 5 to 8 inches, this species prefers warm, sunny habitats like gardens, shrubs, and fences. Its ability to change color and active demeanor make it a fascinating creature for observation and photography, especially during the warmer months.
Six-Lined Racerunner (Aspidoscelis sexlineata)
The Six-Lined Racerunner is a fast-moving, slender lizard with six distinctive white or yellow lines running down its back from head to tail. It reaches about 8 inches in length and is commonly found in open, sunny areas such as prairies, grasslands, and rocky slopes. Their quick movements and striking markings make them a favorite among herpetology enthusiasts interested in active, ground-dwelling reptiles.
Lined Skink (Eumeces fasciatus)
The Lined Skink is a small, slender lizard with a series of dark lines running lengthwise along its back. It typically measures around 4 to 6 inches and prefers moist, wooded environments with ample leaf litter and rocks. This species is often seen basking during the day or hiding under logs, making it an interesting subject for those exploring Missouri’s forested habitats.
Coal Skink (Eumeces anthracinus)
The Coal Skink is a dark-colored skink, usually black or dark brown, with a sleek body and a shiny appearance. It grows to about 5 to 8 inches and is commonly found in rocky areas, forest edges, and near streams. Its secretive behavior and preference for moist, shaded environments make it a fascinating species for dedicated herpetologists and naturalists.
Eastern Fence Lizard (Sceloporus undulatus)
The Eastern Fence Lizard is one of Missouri’s most widespread and easily recognizable lizards, characterized by its rough, spiny scales and a distinctive blue patch on the throat of males. It measures roughly 4 to 8 inches and thrives in open woodlands, rocky outcrops, and fences. Its bold appearance and territorial behavior make it a common sight during summer hikes and outdoor activities.
Slender Glass Lizard (Ophisaurus attenuatus)
The Slender Glass Lizard appears similar to a snake but is actually a legless lizard. It can grow up to 30 inches long and is known for its transparent, glass-like appearance, especially in the tail. Found in grasslands and open woodlands, this elusive species is fascinating due to its limbless form and burrowing habits, making it a rare find for dedicated enthusiasts.
Common Wall Lizard (Podarcis muralis)
Although not native, the Common Wall Lizard has established populations in Missouri, particularly around urban areas and rocky walls. It measures about 6 to 8 inches and features a colorful pattern of browns and greens. Its adaptability to human-made environments and its active, sun-loving nature make it a species worth watching for urban wildlife observers.
How to Choose
When selecting which lizard species to focus on or observe, consider factors such as habitat preference, size, activity period, and behavior. If you’re interested in larger, more conspicuous lizards, species like the Broad-Headed Skink or Eastern Fence Lizard might be ideal. For those fascinated by secretive or burrowing species, skinks like the Coal Skink or Lined Skink offer intriguing opportunities. Additionally, consider your local environment—urban areas may host species like the Wall Lizard, while forests and grasslands support skinks and racerunners. Understanding these habitat preferences helps you know where to look and what behaviors to expect.
Frequently Asked Questions
- Are lizards common in Missouri? Yes, Missouri hosts a variety of lizard species, especially in suitable habitats like forests, grasslands, and rocky areas.
- Are any Missouri lizards endangered? Most common lizards in Missouri are not endangered, but habitat loss can threaten certain species like the Green Anole and some skinks.
- How can I tell apart a skink from a snake? Skinks have eyelids and move their legs, while snakes lack eyelids and do not have limbs. Observing these features helps distinguish them.
- When are lizards most active in Missouri? Lizards are typically most active during the warmer months from late spring to early fall, especially on sunny days.
- Can I keep Missouri lizards as pets? While some species like the Green Anole are kept as pets, always check local regulations and ensure proper care if you plan to keep a lizard.
Final Thoughts
Missouri’s diverse landscapes support a rich variety of lizard species, each with unique adaptations and behaviors. Whether you’re exploring the rocky outcrops of the Ozarks, the wooded forests, or even urban areas, spotting these reptiles can deepen your appreciation for local wildlife. Learning about their habitats, behaviors, and appearances not only enhances outdoor experiences but also contributes to conservation awareness. Keep your eyes open, respect their space, and enjoy the fascinating world of Missouri’s lizards.
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- Types of Bats with Long Tails: An In-Depth Guide